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旨在对种公猪站大白猪精子动力学参数进行非遗传因素分析和遗传参数估计，为种公猪的选育提供理论基础。收集了2016—2023年间569头大白公猪的145 452条精子动力学参数记录，利用R软件对公猪表型进行质控并进行固定效应分析，利用DMU软件的重复力模型计算各性状遗传力、重复力及性状间遗传相关，并评估各性状估计育种值的可靠性。结果：精子动力学参数受采精月龄、出生年份、出生胎次、采精年份、同窝仔猪数和采精季节这些因素的显著性影响(P<0.05),精子浓度、精子直线运动率、曲线运动距离、平均路径速度、曲线速度和直线速度的遗传力分别为(0.08±0.03)、(0.03±0.01)、(0.17±0.02)、(0.21±0.01)、(0.17±0.02)和(0.21±0.01),重复力分别为0.29、0.27、0.30、0.34、0.31和0.35,精子浓度和精子直线运动率属于低遗传力性状，其余为中等遗传力性状；各性状间遗传相关在-0.08～1.00;估计育种值准确性分别为(0.60±0.00)、(0.38±0.00)、(0.77±0.00)、(0.79±0.00)、(0.78±0.00)和(0.80±0.00),整体准确性较高。综上，曲线运动距离、平均路径速度、曲线速度和直线速度遗传力在中高水平，且与精子浓度和精子直线运动率表现出较强的遗传相关，可通过加强选育来提高精液质量，同时各性状均易受到非遗传因素影响且重复力较高，公猪站应提高现场管理水平，以期提高精液质量和稳定性。
Abstract：This study aimed to investigate the impact of non-genetic factors on sperm dynamic parameters, and to estimate the genetic parameters in Yorkshire boars. 145 452 sperm motility parameter records of 569 Yorkshire boars were collected from 2016 to 2023. Then, the R software was used to perform quality control and fixed effect analysis on the boar phenotypes. Next, the repeatability model of the DMU software was used to calculate the heritability and genetic correlations of the various traits, and to evaluate the reliability of the estimated breeding values. The results showed that the kinetic parameters of the sperm were significantly(P<0.05) affected by semen collection months of age, year of birth, birth parity, year of semen collection, number of littermates, and semen collection season. The heritability of sperm concentration, sperm straight-line motility rate, distance curvilinear, average path velocity, curvilinear velocity and straight-line velocity were(0.08±0.03),(0.03±0.01),(0.17±0.02),(0.21±0.01),(0.17±0.02) and(0.21±0.01), respectively; and the repeatability were 0. 29,0. 27,0. 30,0. 34,0. 31 and 0. 35,respectively. Sperm concentration and sperm straight-line motility rate were the traits with low heritability,and the other traits were with medium heritability. The genetic correlations were between-0. 08 and 1. 00; and the accuracy of the estimated breeding values were( 0. 60±0. 00),( 0. 38±0. 00),( 0. 77±0. 00),( 0. 79±0. 00),( 0. 78±0. 00) and( 0. 80± 0. 00),respectively; all being of high accuracy. Briefly,the results of this study indicated that the heritability of distance curvilinear,average path velocity,curvilinear velocity and straight-line velocity were at medium to high levels,and these factors showed high levels of genetic correlations with sperm concentration and sperm straight-line motility rate. Strengthened selection might be carried out to further improve semen quality; and each trait is easily affected by non-genetic factors and has a relatively high repeatability. Therefore,breeding boar stations should improve on-site management to improve quality and stability of semen.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S828
引用信息:
[1]周隽,林昌华,谢孟娟,等.大白猪精子动力学参数遗传参数估计[J].畜牧与兽医,2025,57(12):1-8.
基金信息:
农业科技重大项目; 广西揭榜制科技项目(桂科JB202303); 广西农垦永新畜牧集团有限公司内部立项科技项目(桂垦牧科2022003、永新牧科2023001); 国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2023-15-04)