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旨在探究3种不同杂粕(菜籽粕、棉籽粕和葵花粕)替代部分或全部豆粕对25～50 kg阶段生长肥育猪生长性能和粪便微生物的影响差异。试验采用单因素随机试验设计，选取(25.78±0.22)kg的生长猪(杜×长×大)96头，分为4组，玉米-豆粕-菜籽粕(CSR)组、玉米-豆粕-棉籽粕(CSC)组、玉米-豆粕-葵花粕(CSS)组和玉米-混合杂粕(CM)组，每组24头猪。各组粗蛋白水平均为14%。结果：1)不同蛋白来源日粮对生长猪的平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食(ADFI)和料重比(F/G)之间并无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)相较于CSR和CSC组，CSS和CM组血清肌酐含量显著降低，与其他3组相比，CSC组显著提高了低密度脂蛋白含量(P<0.05)。3)不同蛋白来源日粮对生长猪的血清游离氨基酸之间也无显著差异(P>0.05);相较于其他3组，CM组生长猪血清游离亮氨酸有下降的趋势(P<0.10)。4)不同蛋白来源日粮对生长猪的粪便短链脂肪酸含量无显著影响(P>0.05);相较于其他3组，CM组生长猪粪便异戊酸和戊酸有下降的趋势(P<0.10)。5)不同蛋白来源日粮对生长猪的粪便菌群之间也无显著差异(P>0.05);但在相对丰度最高的梭状芽胞杆菌属中，相较于其他3组，CSS组有升高的趋势(P<0.10)。综上，不同蛋白来源日粮对25～50 kg阶段生长肥育猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血液游离氨基酸、粪便短链脂肪酸和粪便菌群的多样性均无显著差异。这些结果有助于进一步开发不同蛋白来源(菜籽粕、棉粕和葵花粕)在生长猪日粮中的应用前景。
Abstract：This study was to investigate the effects of three different kinds of mixed meal(rapeseed meal,cottonseed meal and sunflower seed meal) in place of part or all of soybean meal on growth performance,serum and fecal of 25-50 kg growing-finishing pigs.The experiment was conducted in a one-way randomized experimental design,and 96 growing pigs(Duroc×Landrace ×Yorkshire) with similarbody weights(25.78±0.22) kg were selected and divided into four groups:the corn-soybean-rapeseed meal(CSR) group,the corn-soybeancottonseed meal(CSC) group,the corn-soybean-sunflower seed meal(CSS) group and the corn-mixed meal(CM) group,with 24 pigs in each group.Each group was guaranteed with the same crude protein level(CP=14%).The results showed as follows:1) There were no significant differences(P>0.05) in the diets with different protein sources on average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and feed-to-weight ratio(F/G) of the growing pigs at the 25-50 kg stage.2) Compared with the CSR and CSC groups,the serum creatinine levels in the CSS and CM groups were significantly lower.Compared with the other three groups,the CSC group significantly increased the content of low-density lipoprotein(P<0.05).3) There were no significant differences in serum free amino acids between the diets with different protein sources for the growing pigs(P>0.05).However,the serum free leucine of the growing pigs in the CM group showed a decreasing trend(P<0.10).4) There were no signif icant differences in fecal short-chain fatty acids between the diets with different protein sources for growing pigs(P>0.05).However,the fecal isovaleric acid and valeric acid of the growing pigs in the CM group showed a decreasing trend(P<0.10).5) There were no significant differences in fecal flora between the diets with different protein sources for the pigs(P>0.05).However,in the Clostridium with the highest relative abundance,there was an increasing trend in the CSS group(P<0.10).In conclusion,there were no significant differences in growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients,blood free amino acids,fecal shortchain fatty acids and fecal flora diversity of growing pigs at 25-50 kg on different protein diets.These results may help to furtherdevelop the prospects of different protein sources(rapeseed meal,cottonseed meal and sunflower seed meal) in diets for 25-50 kg growing pigs.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S828.5
引用信息:
[1]展宪亮,梁锦宁,何振涛,等.不同蛋白来源日粮对生长猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和粪便微生物的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2026,58(03):9-19.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1300402); 广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(R2020PY-JG009、202106TD); 国家生猪产业技术体系项目(CARS-35); 广东省乡村振兴战略专项(2023TS-3-1); 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目和茂名实验室发展项目(2021ZZ003)